The South African government has unveiled a new industrial strategy to revive its declining ferrochrome industry by reintroducing export controls and a chrome-ore export tax, along with discounted electricity tariffs for domestic smelters. While the energy tariff relief has been welcomed, the proposed tax on exports has caused a wave of concern among mining stakeholders, particularly the Minerals Council South Africa (MCSA), which warns that up to 25,000 direct and indirect jobs are now at risk.